MOS 6501

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The MOS 6501 was the first microprocessor developed by MOS Technology in 1975. It was designed by a team that had previously worked on the Motorola 6800, including Rod Orgill, Bill Mensch, and Chuck Peddle.

Key features and characteristics of the MOS 6501:

• Pin Compatibility: The 6501 was designed to be pin-compatible with the Motorola 6800, meaning it could be plugged into the same sockets on motherboards designed for the 6800.
• Not Software Compatible: Although pin-compatible, it was not software-compatible with the 6800. It had a different instruction set, different registers, and different addressing modes.
• Performance: The 6501 was designed to outperform the 6800. Through design innovations like pipelining, it could achieve speeds up to four times faster than the 6800.
• Price: The 6501 microprocessor was sold for the price of $20-$25.
• Legal Issues: Due to its pin compatibility with the 6800, Motorola sued MOS Technology almost immediately after the 6501's release.
• Withdrawal from Market: As part of an out-of-court settlement with Motorola, MOS Technology withdrew the 6501 from the market.
• Rarity: Because of its short production, the MOS 6501 is a rare processor.
• The 6502: MOS Technology subsequently released the 6502, which had a different pinout to avoid legal issues but was otherwise very similar to the 6501. The 6502 became extremely popular, powering devices like the Apple II, Commodore PET, and Atari.
• The Digital Group: One known system using the 6501 is The Digital Group 6501 CPU board.