Myc

1. 본문

Myc refers to a family of regulator genes and proto-oncogenes that code for transcription factors. These transcription factors play a crucial role in various cellular processes.

Here's a breakdown of key aspects of Myc:
Family Members:

• c-myc (MYC): The first discovered gene in the family.
• l-myc (MYCL): Functions in dendritic cells, gastrointestinal cells, and lung cells.
• n-myc (MYCN): Critical for the development of the nervous system, it is expressed in neural and neuroendocrine tissue.

• Transcription Factors: Myc proteins act as transcription factors, meaning they regulate the expression of other genes.
• Dimerization: MYC forms a heterodimer with the transcription factor MAX. This complex then binds to specific DNA sequences (E-boxes) to activate or repress gene expression.
• Gene Regulation: They are involved in upregulating several genes which are involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and cellular transformation.
• Cellular Processes: Myc regulates various physiological processes including cell cycle, proliferation, metabolism, differentiation, and apoptosis.

• Upregulation: Myc can bind to enhancer box sequences (E-boxes) and recruits histone acetyltransferases (HATs) to activate the expression of pro-proliferative genes. Myc also upregulates transcript elongation.
• Downregulation: It can also repress transcription by binding to the Miz-1 transcription factor, which displaces the p300 co-activator, inhibiting the expression of the target genes.

• Oncogene: Myc genes are proto-oncogenes, meaning that their dysregulation can contribute to cancer development.
• Amplification and Translocation: Amplification (increased copies) of the *MYC* gene is frequently observed in numerous human cancers, and translocations involving the *MYC* are connected to Burkitt lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
• Deregulation in Diseases: Deregulation of Myc is associated with multiple diseases, most notably cancer.