아스가르드고세균

3. 진핵생물과의 관계

아스가르드고세균은 북유럽 신화의 신 이름을 따서 명명되는 경우가 많다.^[12][14] 특히 헤임달고세균은 여러 계통 분석에서 진핵생물에 가장 가까운 위치에 있는 것으로 나타난다.^{[5][14][21][15]}

아스가르드고세균은 진핵생물과 유사한 유전자(ESP)를 많이 가지고 있어 진핵생물 기원 연구에 중요한 단서를 제공한다. 이 유전자들은 대규모 유전자 수평 이동, 유전자 결손, 동족 확대의 역사를 보여주는 패치 형태로 분포한다.^[12]

3. 1. 주요 유전자 및 단백질

3. 2. ESCRT 복합체

3. 3. 액틴 및 관련 단백질

3. 4. 기타

4. 물질대사

게놈 정보를 바탕으로 아스가르드고세균은 다양한 영양 요구성을 가질 것으로 예상된다.

4. 1. 다양한 대사 경로

4. 2. 탄소 고정

5. 생태

많은 계통이 퇴적물 생명권에서 발견되는 한편, 로키고세균과 토르고세균은 다양한 장소에 분포하고 있다. 또한 로키고세균과 토르고세균은 해양에서는 해저에 적응하고 있으며, 해저의 깊이와 염분 농도가 분포에 중요한 요인으로 여겨진다.

6. 형태

최초로 전자 현미경 이미지가 얻어진 "Ca. P. syntrophicum"은 세포 내부에 복잡한 구조는 특별히 발견되지 않았지만, 촉수와 같은 분기 돌기를 길게 뻗는 모습이 촬영되었다.

막 소포, 블레브, 그리고 돌기 구조는 진핵생물의 사상 가짜 발이나 미세 융모와 형태가 유사하다^[20].PKD 도메인이 있는 S층을 보유할 가능성이 지적되고 있다.

7. 계통 분류

다음은 프로테오고세균의 계통 분류이다.^{[41][42][43][44]}

{| class="wikitable"

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! 프로테오고세균

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! TACK군

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{| class="wikitable"

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| 코르고세균

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{| class="wikitable"

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| 크렌고세균

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! 아스가르드고세균

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{| class="wikitable"

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{| class="wikitable"

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| 로키고세균

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참조

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_[3] 논문 Genetic Diversity of Archaea in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Environments
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_[18] 논문 Insights into the evolution of regulated actin dynamics via characterization of primitive gelsolin/cofilin proteins from Asgard archaea https://www.pnas.org[...] 2020-08-18
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_[23] 웹사이트 Loading... https://www.research[...] 2020-04-17
_[24] 논문 A hot spring Asgard archaeon sheds light on the origin of eukaryotic endosomal system. https://www.research[...] 2020-03-11
_[25] 논문 Characterisation of the Ubiquitin-ESCRT pathway in Asgard archaea sheds new light on origins of membrane trafficking in eukaryotes https://www.biorxiv.[...] 2021-08-17
_[26] 논문 Asgard archaea shed light on the evolutionary origins of the eukaryotic ubiquitin-ESCRT machinery https://www.nature.c[...] 2022-06-13
_[27] 웹사이트 10月9日：古細菌、アルケアから真核生物進化の機能的進化研究（Natureオンライン版掲載論文） {{!}} AASJホームページ http://aasj.jp/news/[...] 2018-10-13
_[28] 논문 The Archaeal Roots of the Eukaryotic Dynamic Actin Cytoskeleton http://www.sciencedi[...] 2020-05-18
_[29] 논문 Heimdallarchaea encodes profilin with eukaryotic-like actin regulation and polyproline binding https://www.biorxiv.[...] 2020-04-25
_[30] 논문 Casting light on Asgardarchaeota metabolism in a sunlit microoxic niche https://www.nature.c[...] 2019-07
_[31] 웹사이트 真核生物の祖先に最も近縁なアスガルド古細菌の持つ、 新しい光受容タンパク質の機能を解明 {{!}} 物性研究所 https://www.issp.u-t[...] 2020-04-15
_[32] 논문 Schizorhodopsins: A family of rhodopsins from Asgard archaea that function as light-driven inward H+ pumps https://advances.sci[...] 2020-04-01
_[33] 논문 Supersized ribosomal RNA expansion segments in Asgard archaea https://www.biorxiv.[...] 2020-06-13
_[34] 논문 Root of the Tree: The Significance, Evolution, and Origins of the Ribosome https://doi.org/10.1[...] 2020-06-10
_[35] 논문 History of the ribosome and the origin of translation https://www.pnas.org[...] 2015-12-15
_[36] 논문 Unprecedented Diversity of Unique CRISPR-Cas-Related Systems and Cas1 Homologs in Asgard Archaea https://www.liebertp[...] 2020-06-01
_[37] 논문 Lokiarchaeon is hydrogen dependent
_[38] 논문 Genomic reconstruction of a novel, deeply branched sediment archaeal phylum with pathways for acetogenesis and sulfur reduction http://www.researchg[...] 2016
_[39] 논문 Asgard archaea: Diversity, function, and evolutionary implications in a range of microbiomes https://www.aimspres[...] 2019
_[40] 논문 Ecological features and global distribution of Asgard archaea http://www.sciencedi[...] 2020-11-11
_[41] 논문 Complex archaea that bridge the gap between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
_[42] 논문 Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity http://www.escholars[...]
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