참조
[1]
웹사이트
"1. one of the areas in South Africa where black people lived during the apartheid system; 2. SHOWING DISAPPROVAL any area where people are forced to live without full civil and political rights."
https://web.archive.[...]
2017-10-15
[2]
서적
Bantustan
oed
[3]
웹사이트
Bantustan | Definition, History, Map, & Facts
https://www.britanni[...]
2019-07-13
[4]
서적
South Africa : the rise and fall of apartheid
Routledge
2016
[5]
서적
"Between Ethnicity and Nationhood: Shaka Day and the Struggle over Zuluness in post-Apartheid South Africa"
Routledge UK
1998
[6]
서적
No Easy Walk to Freedom
Heinemann
2021-01-12
[7]
서적
Into the laager. Afrikaners living on the edge.
Jonathan Ball Publishers
2016
[8]
간행물
The Transkeian Territorial Authority was established to replace the United Transkeian Territories General Council, by Proclamation No. R.180 in SA Government Gazette No. 5736 of 31 August 1956 with effect from 1 September 1956.
[9]
간행물
The Transkei was granted self-government by the Transkei Constitution Act 48 of 1963. This Act established the Transkei Legislative Assembly and the government departments with effect from 30 May 1963.
[10]
간행물
The Transkei was granted "independence" by the Status of Transkei Act 100 of 1976 with effect from 26 October 1976.
[11]
간행물
The Transkeian Territories General Council and the [[Pondoland]] General Council were amalgamated to become the United Transkeian Territories General Council, with effect from 1 January 1931, by Proclamation No. 279 in SA Government Gazette No. 1911 of 28 November 1930.
[12]
간행물
The Tswana Territorial Authority was established in terms of the Bantu Authorities Act No. 68 of 1951 by Government Notice No. 585 in SA Government Gazette No. 6666 of 21 April 1961 with effect from 1 May 1961.
[13]
간행물
The Tswana Legislative Assembly was established with effect from 1 May 1971, in terms of the Bantu Homelands Constitution Act No. 21 of 1971 (Act 21 of 1971), by Proclamation No. R.87 in SA Government Gazette No. 3083 of 30 April 1971.
[14]
간행물
The Tswana Territorial Authority was declared a self-governing territory within the Republic, under the new name Bophuthatswana, in accordance with the provisions of the Bantu Homelands Constitution Act No. 21 of 1971, by Proclamation No. R.131 of 26 May 1972, with effect from 1 June 1972. Called the Bophuthatswana Constitution Proclamation, 1972. The Bophuthatswana Legislative Assembly was established by the same proclamation.
[15]
간행물
The Status of Bophuthatswana Act 89 of 1977 granted Bophuthatswana "independence" with effect from 6 December 1977.
[16]
간행물
Government departments established by Proclamation No. R.141 in SA Government Gazette No. 2091 of 12 June 1968.
[17]
간행물
The Thoho-ya-Ndou Territorial Authority was established, in terms of the Bantu Homelands Constitution Act 21 of 1971, by Government Notice No. R.1864 in SA Government Gazette No. 370 of 9 November 1962 with effect from 1 December 1962.
[18]
간행물
The Venda Legislative Assembly was established by Proclamation No. R.119 in SA Government Gazette 3110 of 21 May 1971 with effect from 1 June 1971.
[19]
간행물
Venda was declared a self-governing territory within the Republic of South Africa with effect from 1 February 1973 in accordance with the provisions of the Bantu Homelands Constitution Act 21 of 1971, by Proclamation No. R.12 in SA Government Gazette No. 3769 of 26 January 1973.
[20]
간행물
Venda was granted "independence" by the Status of Venda Act 107 of 1979 with effect from 13 September 1979.
[21]
간행물
The name of the Territorial Authority was changed to the Venda Territorial Authority by Government Notice No. R.837 in SA Government Gazette No. 2406 of 23 May 1969. The government departments of the Venda Territorial Authority were established by Proclamation No. R.168 in SA Government Gazette No. 2440 of 20 June 1969.
[22]
간행물
The Ciskeian Territorial Authority was established in terms of the Bantu Authorities Act 68 of 1951, by Government Notice No. R.496 in SA Government Gazette No. 6656 of 24 March 1961 with effect from 1 April 1961.
[23]
간행물
The Ciskeian Legislative Assembly was established with effect from 1 June 1971 by Proclamation No. R.118 in SA Government Gazette No. 3110 of 21 May 1971.
[24]
간행물
Ciskei became a self-governing territory within the Republic with effect from 1 August 1972 in accordance with the provisions of the Bantu Homelands Constitution Act 21 of 1971 by Proclamation No. R.187 in SA Government Gazette No. 2622 of 28 July 1972. Called the Ciskei Constitution Proclamation, 1972.
[25]
간행물
The Status of Ciskei Act 110 of 1981 granted Ciskei "independence" with effect from 4 December 1981.
[26]
간행물
The Ciskeian General Council was established with effect from 1 April 1934, in terms of the Native Affairs Act 23 of 1920 and the Native Administration Act 38 of 1927, by Proclamation No. 34 in SA Government Gazette No. 2177 of 9 March 1934.
[27]
간행물
The Ciskeian General Council was disestablished with effect from 1 January 1956, by Proclamation No. 279 in SA Government Gazette No. 5600 of 23 December 1955.
[28]
간행물
The Government departments of the Ciskeian Territorial Authority were established by Proclamation No. R.143 in SA Government Gazette No. 2092 of 12 June 1968.
[29]
간행물
The Lebowa Territorial Authority was established by Government Notice No. R.1274 in SA Government Gazette No. 310 of 10 August 1962 with effect from 1 September 1962.
[30]
간행물
The Lebowa Legislative Assembly was established with effect from 1 July 1971, by Proclamation No. R.156 in SA Government Gazette No. 3177 of 30 June 1971.
[31]
간행물
Lebowa was declared a self-governing territory within the Republic with effect from 2 October 1972 in accordance with the provisions of the Bantu Homelands Constitution Act, 1971 (Act 21 of 1971), by Proclamation No. R.225 in SA Government Gazette No. 3666 of 29 September 1972.
[32]
간행물
Lebowa Government departments were established by Proclamation No. R.115 in SA Government Gazette No. 2377 of 2 May 1969.
[33]
간행물
The Matshangana Territorial Authority was established in terms of the Bantu Authorities Act 68 of 1951, by Government Notice No. R.1863 in SA Government Gazette No. 370 of 9 November 1962 with effect from 1 December 1962.
[34]
간행물
The Machangana Legislative Assembly was established with effect from 1 July 1971, by Proclamation No. R.148 in SA Government Gazette No. 3163 of 25 June 1971.
[35]
간행물
The name "Machangana" was substituted for "Matshangana" by Proclamation No. R.113 in SA Government Gazette No. 3098 of 14 May 1971.
[36]
문서
The Machanga Territorial Authority was declared, under the new name Gazankulu
[37]
문서
The Government departments of the Matshangana Territorial Authority were established
[38]
문서
At the beginning of 1969, plans were published to unite the existing Southern Sotho tribal authorities into a homeland under the name of KwaKwa.
[39]
문서
The Basotho by Borwa Territorial Authority was established
[40]
문서
The Basotho-QwaQwa Legislative Assembly was established
[41]
문서
QwaQwa was established as a self-governing territory within the Republic
[42]
문서
The Zulu Territorial Authority was established
[43]
문서
The KwaZulu Legislative Assembly was established
[44]
문서
The Territory was proclaimed a self-governing territory within the Republic, under the name of KwaZulu
[45]
문서
The Ndebele Territorial Authority was established
[46]
문서
The KwaNdebele Legislative Assembly was established
[47]
문서
KwaNdebele was established as a self-governing territory within the Republic
[48]
문서
The Swazi Territorial Authority was established
[49]
문서
The KaNgwane Legislative Assembly was established
[50]
문서
KaNgwane was established as a self-governing territory within the Republic
[51]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1982
South African Institute of Race Relations
[52]
서적
The Political Economy of Regionalism: The Case of Southern Africa
https://books.google[...]
Springer
2004-10-29
[53]
웹사이트
Demographic Characteristics of South Africa in the late 1980s - The O'Malley Archives
https://www.nelsonma[...]
2019-01-10
[54]
웹사이트
A Fine Face for Apartheid
http://kora.matrix.m[...]
2019-01-10
[55]
웹사이트
S8 - Transkei(Entité DXCC ayant changé de préfixe)
http://lesnouvellesd[...]
2020-01-30
[56]
웹사이트
Bantustans
http://autocww2.colo[...]
Colorado.edu
2012-06-07
[57]
서적
South Africa, the Prospects of Peaceful Change
https://books.google[...]
Indiana University Press
2020-10-25
[58]
웹사이트
Ciskei's Independent Way
https://reason.com/1[...]
Reason
2021-11-11
[59]
서적
Struggles for Self-Determination: The Denial of Reactionary Statehood in Africa
Cambridge University Press
2021
[60]
뉴스
Apartheid's 'Sovereign' Offspring: 'Independent' black homelands have become a battleground in the struggle for power in South Africa. The dispute could threaten the nation's future.
https://www.latimes.[...]
2022-11-08
[61]
서적
South Africa: Time Running Out
https://books.google[...]
University of California Press
2020-09-13
[62]
웹사이트
Survey of race relations in South Africa: 1983
http://psimg.jstor.o[...]
South African Institute of Race Relations
2019-01-10
[63]
문서
Politicians and Apartheid: Trailing in the People's Wake
Human Sciences Research Council
[64]
문서
"[https://books.google.com/books?id=EoTt9GkYP3UC&q=De+Klerk&pg=PA16 South Africa's Bantustans: From Dumping Grounds to Battlefronts"
Motala Grafiska
[65]
문서
The most important concessions to Zulu separatists and to the white government and opposition forces were the [[wikisource:Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, No. 2 of 1994|Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Amendment Act, No. 2 of 1994]] and the [[wikisource:Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, No. 3 of 1994|Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Second Amendment Act, No. 3 of 1994]], which amended the [[wikisource:Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993/1994-04-27|Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993]] (the "Interim Constitution" that ended apartheid) already before this constitution came into force on 27 April 1994 (the first day of the first democratic elections).
[66]
문서
Act to introduce a new Constitution for the Republic of South Africa and to provide for matters incidental thereto (Act No. 200 of 1993)
[67]
문서
All Bantustans (both nominally independent and self-governing) were dismantled and their territories reincorporated into South Africa with effect from 27 April 1994
[68]
간행물
The Bantustan Proposals for South-West Africa
Cambridge University Press
1966-10
[69]
간행물
How Good People Become Absurd: J.P. van S. Bruwer, the Making of Namibian Grand Apartheid and the Decline of Volkekunde
https://doi.org/10.1[...]
2021-06-04
[70]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1968
South African Institute of Race Relations
[71]
문서
The legal framework between 1968 and 1980 of "separate development" (from the establishment of territorial authorities, legislative assemblies, to the granting of self-government and eventual "independence") for the homelands in South West Africa, closely following the model in South Africa proper, was laid down in the Development of Self-Government for Native Nations in South-West Africa Act, 1968 (Act No. 54 of 1968) and the Development of Self-Government for Native Nations in South-West Africa Amendment Act, 1973 (Act No. 20 of 1973).
[72]
웹사이트
Namibian Homelands
https://www.worldsta[...]
2019-11-23
[73]
문서
Representative Authorities Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 8 of 1980)
[74]
문서
Representative Authority of the Whites Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 12 of 1980)
[75]
문서
Representative Authority of the Coloureds Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 14 of 1980)
[76]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1980
South African Institute of Race Relations
[77]
웹사이트
Constitution of Namibia – Schedules
https://www.servat.u[...]
2020-06-19
[78]
간행물
Beyond Black and White: Ethnicity and Land Reform in Namibia
https://www.cairn.in[...]
[79]
웹사이트
'South-West Africa, Proposed Homelands." in: The Bantustan Proposals for South-West Africa, p 179.'
http://www.long-dama[...]
2016-08-19
[80]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1968
South African Institute of Race Relations
[81]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1973
South African Institute of Race Relations
[82]
문서
Representative Authority of the Ovambos Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 23 of 1980)
[83]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1970
South African Institute of Race Relations
[84]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1973
South African Institute of Race Relations
[85]
문서
Representative Authority of the Kavangos Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 26 of 1980)
[86]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1974
South African Institute of Race Relations
[87]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1972
https://archive.org/[...]
South African Institute of Race Relations
[88]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976
South African Institute of Race Relations
[89]
문서
Representative Authority of the Caprivians Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 29 of 1980)
[90]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976
South African Institute of Race Relations
[91]
문서
Representative Authority of the Namas Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 35 of 1980)
[92]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976
South African Institute of Race Relations
[93]
문서
Rehoboth Self-Government Act, 1976 (Act No. 56 of 1976)
[94]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976
South African Institute of Race Relations
[97]
웹사이트
'Declaration of Independence 1990." Rehoboth Basters, 20 March 1990'
http://rehobothbaste[...]
2019-11-24
[98]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1970
South African Institute of Race Relations
[99]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1977
South African Institute of Race Relations
[100]
문서
Representative Authority of the Damaras Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 32 of 1980)
[101]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1972
https://archive.org/[...]
South African Institute of Race Relations
[102]
문서
Representative Authority of the Hereros Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 50 of 1980)
[103]
문서
Representative Authority of the Tswanas Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 47 of 1980)
[104]
서적
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1980
South African Institute of Race Relations
[105]
문서
Kaokoland was very scarcely populated and greatly affected by the struggle for independence of Namibia, and most specifically by the so-called "[[South African Border War|bush war]]" that was fought across the border with Angola. No unified institutions were established in Kaokoland either before or after 1980.
[106]
서적
Mythologies Without End: The US, Israel, and the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1917-2020
https://books.google[...]
Oxford University Press
2021-04-17
[106]
서적
The Contemporary Middle East: A Westview Reader
https://books.google[...]
Taylor & Francis
2021-04-17
[106]
서적
Spacing Debt: Obligations, Violence, and Endurance in Ramallah, Palestine
https://books.google[...]
Duke University Press
2021-04-17
[106]
간행물
Evicting Palestine
2016
[106]
서적
Palestine Inside Out: An Everyday Occupation
https://books.google[...]
"[[W. W. Norton & Company]]"
2021-04-17
[107]
웹사이트
Sri Lanka: The National Question and the Tamil Liberation Struggle
http://www.tamilnati[...]
Zed Books Ltd, London
[108]
뉴스
Dalits create space for themselves
https://web.archive.[...]
"[[Asia Times Online]]"
2005-01-26
[109]
웹사이트
A call to justice (2) By Bishop Matthew Hassan Kukah - Blueprint
https://www.blueprin[...]
2018-04-09
[110]
논문
Terminologies of Control: Tracing the Canadian-South African Connection in a Word
https://doi.org/10.1[...]
2007-04-01
[111]
문서
吉田(2012):491
[112]
뉴스
実質は黒人切り捨て 重要地点は話さぬ白人 南アの新国家トランスカイ
朝日新聞
1976-10-26
[113]
문서
吉田(2012):491
[114]
논문
남아프리카와 이스라엘의 화평 과정에 대한 선주민족 노동력 정책의 영향에 대해 : 자본의 요청과 선주민족 통합의 관계로부터
https://hdl.handle.n[...]
関西学院大学総合政策学部研究会
2018-09
[115]
문서
吉田(2012):493
[116]
문서
해안에 면한 반투스탄도 있지만 항만은 백인 지구로 되어 있었다. 트란스카이 항목을 참조하십시오.
[117]
웹사이트
Bantustan
https://www.macmilla[...]
Macmillan Dictionary
[118]
웹사이트
Bantustans, A Zionist Dream
http://cosmos.ucc.ie[...]
[119]
웹사이트
people-and-politics-sharon-s-bantustans-are-far-from-copenhagen-s-hope
http://www.haaretz.c[...]